1. BCG Vaccination - does not give rise to any immediate fever. After 4-6weeks a small red swelling will appear at the site of inoculation. This will finally disappear over a period of next 4 months, leaving a tiny scar.
2. DPT Vaccination- generally causes fever, pain and swelling at the site of inoculation, which generally disappears by 24-36hrs. This requires medicine for fever like paracetamol round the clock for one to two days in some children, a small nodule can be felt at the site of vaccination. Which may take a longer time to disappear.
3. Polio Vaccine- Polio vaccine has no side effects. I must emphasize here that pulse polio should be given to every child every time till the age of 5 years, irrespective of whether child has had regular vaccination or not. Children can be given breast feeding soon after giving polio drops.
4. Measles & MMR Vaccine - are simple vaccines devoid of any major side effects; Mild fever and rash might appear after 1-2 weeks of vaccination. This occurs only in 10% of cases, which might require a simple medication for fever at that time.
5. Chicken Pox Vaccine - is devoid of any side effects and should be give to all children who have not had chicken pox in past although mild fever can occur.
6. Typhoid Vaccine - also does not given rise to any fever or local reaction. Protection rate with this vaccine is low i.e. 67%. It has to be repeated after every three years. Conjugate vaccine gives better protection and need not be repeated after two doses given 1 year apart.
7. Hepatitis B Vaccine - does not have any kind of after effects. If the parents are not vaccinated for this they should also get the vaccination done as it is an important vaccine.
8. Hepatitis A Vaccine - protects against Hepatitis A, which is the most common cause of Jaundice. Vaccine has practically no side effects except mild fever.
9. HIB Vaccine - is an essential vaccine which protects against deadly illness caused by H. influenza bacteria. Vaccine has few side effects..
10. Pneumococcal Vaccine - is given to protect children against pneumococcal infections like pneumonia and meningitis. It is a new vaccine with few side effects.

Vaccination/ Immunization Schedule

a) To be given within 24 h after birth. When this is missed, it can be administered at first contact with health facility. All stable preterm and LBW babies should be administered a birth dose and 3 more doses with pentavalent/hexavalent combination vaccines.

b) An extra dose of Hepatitis B vaccine is permitted as part of a combination vaccine when use of this combination vaccine is necessary.

c) IPV can be given as part of a combination vaccine.

d) 3rd dose of Rota vaccine is not necessary for RV1 (GSK).

e) Influenza vaccine should be started after 6 months, 2 doses 4 weeks apart, usually in the pre-monsoon period. At other times of the year, the most recent available strain should be used. Annual influenza vaccination should be continued, for all, till 5 y of age. For those at high risk of Influenza related complications, annual vaccination should be continued till 18 years and beyond.

f) Single dose is to be given for the live attenuated Hepatitis A vaccine. The inactivated vaccine needs two doses.

g) 2nd dose of Varicella vaccine should be given 3-6 mo after dose 1. In catch up schedule, in those >12 years of age, the 2nd dose is to be given after 4 weeks.

h) Tdap should not be administered as the second booster of DPT at 4-6 y. For delayed 2nd booster, Tdap can be given after 7 y of age. A dose of Tdap is necessary at 10-12 y. If a dose of Tdap was administered at more than or equal to 9 y of age, the adolescent Tdap is not necessary. If Tdap is unavailable/unaffordable, it can be substituted with Td.

i) From 9-14 years, HPV vaccines are recommended as a 2-dose schedule, 6 months apart.

j) 9vHPV-Gardasil-9 is approved for boys between 9-14 years of age and females between 9-26 years of age. HPV4-SII is recommended for females and males between 9-26 years of age. Gardasil 4 is licensed till 45 years of age only for females.

k) From 15 y onwards and in immunocompromised subjects at all ages, HPV vaccines are recommended as a 3-dose schedule, 0-2-6 months.

l) Menactra is approved in a 2-dose schedule between 9-23 mo. Minimum interval between two doses should be 3 mo. Menveo is recommended as a

single dose schedule after 2 y of age. For those with ongoing exposure to meningococci, boosters are recommended every 5 years.

m) In endemic areas